How is Electricity Produced? How Is Electricity Formed?

Electric current is caused by the movement of electrons from the positive pole to the negative pole. With the development of science from past to present, it has been discovered that electricity production, which is actually a natural phenomenon, can also be made by humans. Today, technologies have emerged that allow it to be produced on a much larger scale to meet the ever-increasing need for electricity. First, in the 1800s, the question of how to generate electricity with magnets was a question asked by mankind. The answer has changed over the years, and electricity has been produced by many different methods.

 

Electric-power

Electric Power Generation

Today, electrical energy production is mostly done in fossil-based power plants and high-tech electricity generation methods such as photovoltaic produce only 3% of the total electricity production. All fossil-based power plants produce electrical energy on the same principle. It only obtains steam from heat, and generates electrical energy with the rotation of turbines.

The situation is similar for the vast majority of renewable power plants. Power plants that produce electrical energy from renewable sources, except for some sources, somehow use motion to turn their turbines and produce electricity in this way.

How is Water Electricity Produced?

The generation of electricity from the water is called hydropower. The origin of the word hydropower comes from the Greek word "hydro" meaning water and the word electricity. The answer to the question of how to produce electricity from water is to turn the flowing water into turbines and convert the motion energy into electrical energy. Hydroelectric power plants producing electricity from Sudan are evaluated in two main groups as dams and non-dams:

Dam Hydroelectric Power Plants: They are power plants that leave water in a reservoir and release water when needed, generating electricity by turning turbines. Water is stored in the reservoir in order to prevent seasonal differences and to ensure continuous water flow. This is the most important advantage of power plants with dams compared to power plants without dams.

Hydroelectric Power Plants Without Dams: It is usually installed in places with high water flow, such as waterfalls and river banks. It generates electricity by the fact that the water flowing directly without a reservoir can turn the turbines. Disadvantages of power plants with dams should be affected by seasonal precipitation. Since the flow rate of the rivers will be high in the months of heavy rainfall, the production possibility of these power plants will also be high. However, these power plants cannot produce electricity during dry periods even when water is not flowing at all.

 

How is Electricity Produced with a Generator?

Generator is one of the important instruments we have to reach uninterrupted electricity in homes and workplaces. They are usually activated during power outages. The working principle of generators is to produce electrical energy by rotating turbines of motion energy.

The engines of the generators generate electrical energy by turning turbines working with sources such as gasoline, diesel and natural gas. Since the generators are mounted very close to the place of use, it is not necessary to make too many voltage adjustments. It is installed between the electrical installation coming from the network and the electrical installation entering the place of use. When there is no power cut, electricity passes through generators and enters the place of use. Generators automatically detect power outages this way. They are automatically activated when there is no electricity from the mains and they meet the electrical energy of the house in case of power cuts.

 

How is Electricity Produced from Wind?

Another way to ask the question of how electricity is produced from wind is to ask how electricity is generated from the propeller. Electricity generation from wind is done by the wind turning the propellers connected to an engine. Wind energy is obtained by converting the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy.

How is Electricity Produced in Thermal Power Plants?

The logic of electricity generation in thermal power plants is the same as electricity generation with all other sources. The hot water used in geothermal fields is separated in separators and the steam sent to the turbine expands and provides electric energy production. In thermal power plants, fossil resources such as fuel oil, coal and natural gas are burned in a boiler to heat water. Thanks to this heating, the water vapor rises and turns the turbines as a result of the pressure created. Thus, electricity is produced. thermal power plant, general definition of all power plants that work with the principle of obtaining water vapor by heating water, and the principle of this steam turning their turbines with an electric motor.

Generating electricity from coal has been a widely preferred method of electricity generation since the industrial revolution. It is often preferred today due to less investment, faster installation and cheaper fuel price compared to other sources. Despite all these advantages, generating electricity from coal is a subject that is frequently discussed in the public. The only reason for this discussion is the formation of carbon gas as a result of the combustion of coal and the damage it causes to the environment. However, while this effect can be reduced with more traditional methods such as flue filters, the term "clean coal" has emerged thanks to technological developments. The environmental impact can be minimized by using or storing the carbon formed by burning coal in clean power plants in different ways.