Sound is a form of energy that can be transmitted from one place to another through the substances in the environment. Sound is a form of pressure wave created by the vibration of objects and carries energy and has a wide range of applications in our daily life. Sound science is known as acoustics.
What
is Acoustics?
Acoustics, a branch of
physics, is known as the study of sound. Acoustics can be defined as:
The
science concerned with sound and the study of its production, transmission and
effects.
A
scientist or researcher working in acoustics is called an Acoustic, and a
person working in the field of acoustic technology is called an Acoustic
Engineer. The main application of acoustics is to make the sound of music or
speech the best possible. It is achieved by reducing the sound barriers and
increasing the factors that help the sound waves to be transmitted properly. In
the beginning, acoustics were used only in sound-based industries such as
auditoriums and theaters, but nowadays acoustic application has spread to many
areas.
What
is Acoustic Energy?
Acoustic energy can be defined as the distortion
of energy passing through matter in the form of a wave. In other words, the
energy associated with mechanical vibrations originating from its components is
called acoustic energy. Any acoustic event goes through the following stages.
- Cause
or Generating
Mechanism
- Acoustic wave propagation
- Reception Effect
The process of converting another form of
energy into sonic energy by producing a sound wave is called transduction. Sound waves carry energy throughout the
radiating medium. The acoustic wave equation is the basic equation that
describes sound wave propagation. Wave propagation is a key process in any
acoustic phenomenon. Sound propagates as a pressure wave in liquids and as
longitudinal or transverse waves in solids.
Subdisciplines of Acoustics
Types of Acoustics
Environmental Noise
Environmental acoustics is
about vibration and noise caused by roads. Railways, airplanes and general
activities related to the environment. Their main purpose is to reduce
vibration and noise affecting the environment.
Musical
Acoustics
Music acoustics is the study
of the physics of music, i.e. how sounds are used to make music. Areas of study
include human voice, music therapy and musical instruments.
Ultrasounds
Ultrasound are sounds that
have a frequency above the limit that humans can hear. However, there is no
difference in physical properties compared to normal sound. Ultrasound is used
in many fields. Ultrasonic devices are used in the measurement of distances and
the detection of objects. Ultrasound imaging is used in physics.
Infrasounds
Sounds with a frequency of
less than 20 Hz are called Infrasounds. The study of such sounds is called
infrasonic. Applications include the detection of underground oil formation and
the probability of earthquakes.
Vibration
and Dynamics
It is concerned with the study of how mechanical systems
vibrate and interact with their environment. Applications consist of vibration
control that helps protect a building from earthquakes and ground vibrations
used on railways.
Applications
of Acoustics
Acoustics is a
broad science that finds its application in almost every field. Some of the
prominent applications of acoustics are as follows:
- Medicine
- Warfare
- Architectural
industries
- Music
- Geologic
- Study
underwater and atmospheric phenomena
- Noise
control industries
- Detection
of petrol under the Earth
- Detection
of earthquakes
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